- 
                Design and Manufacturing Engineering to Tackle Global Sanitation Challenges - MSc by Research or PhDof toilet technologies. Students will investigate how to optimize designs for manufacturability while maintaining performance requirements, reduce production costs through process optimization, and create 
- 
                
                
                analytical techniques while contributing to the optimization of toilet system performance through rigorous scientific analysis and data interpretation. Cranfield’s world-class expertise, large-scale facilities 
- 
                
                
                (technical personnel and toilet users), implementing AI-driven data analytics for system optimization, and creating predictive models for environmental and social impact assessment. Students will work with 
- 
                
                
                sensors, firmware-controlled automation, wireless connectivity, and maintenance algorithms. Students will design, build, and test smart sanitation solutions that can monitor system performance, optimize 
- 
                
                
                specialisms, and coordinate stakeholder relationships while optimising internal team dynamics and external partnerships. Critical to this work is understanding how to effectively coordinate technical